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Cross-Linked Acrylic Polymers from the Aqueous Phase of Biomass Pyrolysis Oil and Acrylated Epoxidized Soybean Oil
journal contribution
posted on 2018-12-19, 00:00 authored by Mehul Barde, Katrina Avery, Charles W. Edmunds, Nicole Labbé, Maria L. AuadDevelopment of cross-linked, soft
polymeric materials from biomass
has been a focus of research. The aqueous phase of biomass pyrolysis
oil (bio-oil) has been used as a precursor for monomer synthesis.
Pine wood was ground and pyrolyzed to produce liquid bio-oil which
was further separated into organic and aqueous phases. Gas chromatography–mass
spectroscopy (GC-MS), 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance (31P NMR), 1H NMR, and Fourier transform-infrared
(FTIR) spectroscopy were used for the characterization of bio-oil
and its derivatives. Methacrylation reaction was carried out on the
concentrated aqueous phase to yield methacrylated aqueous bio-oil.
Acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) and methacrylated aqueous
bio-oil were blended in different proportions and were polymerized
by free radical polymerization. The polymer samples were evaluated
by FTIR, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), Soxhlet extraction, and
scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Tensile modulus, storage modulus,
active chains density, and mass retention increased with higher AESO
content. The polymers displayed sub-ambient glass transition temperatures
(−30 to −21 °C). The impact of plasticizing and
cross-linking effects of polymer chains on the glass transition temperature
was studied with the theoretical Fox and Loshaek models. Utilization
of the low-valued aqueous bio-oil and soybean oil renders the cross-linked
polymers potential replacement of conventional polymers and helps
to improve the overall sustainability.
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Keywords
Aqueous PhaseLoshaek modelsAcrylated Epoxidized Soybean Oil DevelopmentCross-Linked Acrylic Polymerssoybean oilbiomass pyrolysis oilDMApine woodcross-linked polymersGC-MSTensile modulusmonomer synthesisFTIRmass retentionFourier transform-infraredAESO contentglass transition temperatureSEMscanning electron microscopyNMRpolymer samplescross-linking effectsstorage moduluschains densityAcrylated epoxidized soybean oilBiomass Pyrolysis Oilbio-oilphaseMethacrylation reactionpolymer chains
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