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Comparison of the Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Mature and Immature Honey: An HPLC/QTOF/MS-Based Metabolomic Approach
journal contribution
posted on 2020-03-18, 16:33 authored by Nana Guo, Liuwei Zhao, Yazhou Zhao, Qiangqiang Li, Xiaofeng Xue, Liming Wu, Margarita Gomez Escalada, Kai Wang, Wenjun PengHarvesting
uncapped immature honey (IMH) followed by dehydration
is a typical counterfeit honey production process, but the differences
between IMH and capped mature honey (MH) have not been well described
previously. In this study, MH and IMH from Apis mellifera colonies during the same rapeseed flower season were compared. MH
was found to have lower water content, lower acidity, and higher fructose
content. High-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole
time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomic analysis
indicated that MH had a distinct metabolite composition to IMH. Targeted
metabolomic analysis on 20 major polyphenolic constituents showed
higher accumulation in MH. MH had greater bacteriostatic effect and
stronger free radical scavenging effect. While both the honeys mitigated
cell damage caused by H2O2, the effective dosage
of IMH was higher and its inducing effect on the antioxidant gene
expression was weaker. Overall, MH was shown to be of better quality
than IMH not only because of its richer polyphenolic composition but
also because of its stronger biological activity.
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Immature Honeywater contentApis mellifera colonieshoneys mitigated cell damageChemical Compositionhoney production processpolyphenolic constituentsrapeseed flower seasonBiological ActivityHPLCfructose contentIMHpolyphenolic compositionTargeted metabolomic analysismetabolite compositionbacteriostatic effectMHantioxidant gene expressionquadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomic analysisH 2 O 2
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