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Combined Morpho-Chemical Profiling of Individual Extracellular Vesicles and Functional Nanoparticles without Labels
journal contribution
posted on 2020-03-20, 13:03 authored by Yichuan Dai, Suwen Bai, Chuanzhen Hu, Kaiqin Chu, Bing Shen, Zachary J. SmithBiological nanoparticles
are important targets of study, yet their
small size and tendency to aggregate makes their heterogeneity difficult
to profile on a truly single-particle basis. Here we present a label-free
system called ‘Raman-enabled nanoparticle trapping analysis’
(R-NTA) that optically traps individual nanoparticles, records Raman
spectra and tracks particle motion to identify chemical composition,
size, and refractive index. R-NTA has the unique capacity to characterize
aggregation status and absolute chemical concentration at the single-particle
level. We validate the method on NIST standards and liposomes, demonstrating
that R-NTA can accurately characterize size and chemical heterogeneity,
including determining combined morpho-chemical properties such as
the number of lamellae in individual liposomes. Applied to extracellular
vesicles (EVs), we find distinct differences between EVs from cancerous
and noncancerous cells, and that knockdown of the TRPP2 ion channel,
which is pathologically highly expressed in laryngeal cancer cells,
leads the EVs to more closely resemble EVs from normal epithelial
cells. Intriguingly, the differences in EV content are found in small
subpopulations of EVs, highlighting the importance of single-particle
measurements. These experiments demonstrate the power of the R-NTA
system to measure and characterize the morpho-chemical heterogeneity
of bionanoparticles.
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chemical compositionnanoparticlelaryngeal cancer cellssingle-particle basisepithelial cellsaggregation statusextracellular vesiclesNIST standardsR-NTA systemFunctional NanoparticlesMorpho-Chemical Profilingmorpho-chemical heterogeneitychemical heterogeneityrecords Raman spectraIndividual Extracellular Vesicleslabel-free systemsingle-particle levelchemical concentrationnoncancerous cellsEV contentTRPP 2 ion channelmorpho-chemical propertiesparticle motionsingle-particle measurements
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