jf9b04398_si_001.pdf (443.09 kB)
Characterization of Dialkyldithiophosphates as Slow Hydrogen Sulfide Releasing Chemicals and Their Effect on the Growth of Maize
journal contribution
posted on 2019-10-18, 17:42 authored by Justin
M. Carter, Eric M. Brown, Erin E. Irish, Ned B. BowdenHydrogen
sulfide is a key gasotransmitter for plants and has been
shown to greatly increase their growth and survival in the presence
of environmental stressors. Current methods for slowly releasing hydrogen
sulfide use chemicals, such as GYY-4137, but these result in the release
of chemicals not found in the environment, and chemicals used may
lack structures that can be readily tuned to affect the rate of release
of hydrogen sulfide. In this article, we describe the synthesis and
slow release of hydrogen sulfide from dialkyldithiophosphates, which
are a new set of hydrogen sulfide releasing chemicals that can be
used in agriculture. The rates of hydrolysis of dibutyldithiophosphate
and GYY-4137 were measured in water at 85 °C and compared with
each other to investigate their differences. GYY-4137 is widely used
as a chemical that slowly releases H2S, but its rate of
release was not previously quantified. The release of hydrogen sulfide
in water at room temperature was measured for a series of dialkyldithiophosphates
using a hydrogen sulfide electrode. It was shown that the structure
of the dialkyldithiophosphate affected the amount of hydrogen sulfide
released. The final degradation products of dibutyldithiophosphate
were shown to be phosphoric acid and butanol, which are chemicals
found in the environment. This result was notable because it demonstrated
that dialkyldithiophosphates degrade to safe, natural chemicals that
will not pollute the environment. To demonstrate that dialkyldithiophosphates
have potential applications in agriculture, maize was grown for 4.5
weeks after exposure to 1–200 mg of dibutyldithiophosphate,
and the weight of corn plants increased by up to 39% at low loadings
of dibutyldithiophosphate.