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Calibration-Free Measurement of Phenylalanine Levels in the Blood Using an Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensor Suitable for Point-of-Care Applications
journal contribution
posted on 2019-12-13, 15:45 authored by Andrea Idili, Claudio Parolo, Gabriel Ortega, Kevin W. PlaxcoBy analogy to the revolution the “home glucose
monitor”
created in the treatment of diabetes, the availability of a modular,
“platform” technology able to measure nearly any metabolite,
biomarker, or drug “at-home” in unprocessed, finger-prick
volumes of whole blood could revolutionize the monitoring and treatment
of disease. Thus motivated, we have adapted here the electrochemical
aptamer-based sensing platform to the problem of rapidly and conveniently
measuring the level of phenylalanine in the blood, an ability that
would aid the monitoring and management of phenylketonuria (PKU).
To achieve this, we exploited a previously reported DNA aptamer that
recognizes phenylalanine in complex with a rhodium-based “receptor”
that improves affinity. We re-engineered this to undergo a large-scale,
binding-induced conformational change before modifying it with a methylene
blue redox reporter and attaching it to a gold electrode that supports
the appropriate electrochemical interrogation. The resultant sensor
achieves a useful dynamic range of 90 nM to 7 μM. When challenged
with finger-prick-scale sample volumes of the whole blood (diluted
1000-fold to match the sensor’s dynamic range), the device
achieves the accurate (±20%), calibration-free measurement of
blood phenylalanine levels in minutes.
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electrochemical interrogationelectrochemical aptamer-basedPoint-of-Care Applicationsplatformredox reporterPKUsensorfinger-prick volumesDNA aptamerPhenylalanine LevelsElectrochemical Aptamer-Based SensormonitoringCalibration-Free Measurementgold electrodefinger-prick-scale sample volumes7 μ Mblood phenylalanine levels90 nM
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