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Boron Nitride Based Nanobiocomposites: Design by 3D Printing for Bone Tissue Engineering
journal contribution
posted on 2020-03-20, 14:35 authored by Habib Belaid, Sakthivel Nagarajan, Carole Barou, Vincent Huon, Jonathan Bares, Sébastien Balme, Philippe Miele, David Cornu, Vincent Cavaillès, Catherine Teyssier, Mikhael BechelanyHere, we produced
a synthetic polymer having adequate biocompatibility,
biodegradability, and bioresorbability, as well as mechanical properties
for applications in bone tissue engineering. We used the fused deposition
modeling (FDM) based 3D printing approach in order to produce biomimetic
biodegradable scaffolds made of polylactic acid (PLA). We strengthened
these scaffolds by addition of exfoliated boron nitride (EBN) as filler.
We demonstrated the presence of EBN by physicochemical analysis using
Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Using differential
scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), we
found that EBN incorporation did not influence the transition temperature,
but reduced the polymer crystallinity. Scanning electron microscopy
for morphology evaluation showed a mean scaffold pore size of 500
μm. EBN incorporation did not affect the scaffold mechanical
properties (tensile test), but modified the surface roughness. Moreover,
contact angle quantification indicated that the surface of PLA/EBN
scaffolds was hydrophilic and that of PLA scaffolds hydrophobic. Finally,
the results of the cytotoxicity, cell attachment, and proliferation
experiments using MG-63 and MC3T3 cells indicated that PLA scaffolds
filled with EBN were nontoxic and compatible with osteoblastic cells
and also promoted the scaffold mineralization by MG-63 cells. Altogether,
our results suggest that this 3D printed nanocomposite scaffold is
suitable for tissue engineering.