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Bipolar Corona Discharge-Based Charge Equilibration for Nano Electrospray Gas-Phase Electrophoretic Mobility Molecular Analysis of Bio- and Polymer Nanoparticles
journal contribution
posted on 2020-06-17, 21:29 authored by Victor U. Weiss, Johannes Frank, Kurt Piplits, Wladyslaw W. Szymanski, Günter AllmaierSeparation
of polydisperse, single-charged analytes in the nanometer
size range in a high laminar sheath flow of particle-free ambient
air and a tunable electric field based on the respective particle
electrophoretic mobility diameter (EMD) can be achieved via gas-phase
electrophoresis. In order to transfer analytes from a volatile electrolyte
solution to the gas-phase as a single-charged species, a nano electrospray
(nES) process followed by drying of nanodroplets and charge conditioning
reaching Boltzmann charge equilibrium is a necessary prerequisite.
In the case of a so-called nES gas-phase electrophoretic mobility
molecular analyzer (nES GEMMA, also known as nES differential mobility
analyzer, nES DMA), charge equilibration is based on bionanoparticle
interaction with a bipolar atmosphere induced, e.g., by a radioactive
α-particle emitter like 210Po. It was the aim of
our investigation to examine whether such a radioactive source can
be easily replaced in the same nES housing by a nonradioactive one,
i.e., by an AC corona discharge unit. The latter would be significantly
easier to handle when compared to radioactive material in laboratory
day-to-day business, waste disposal, as well as regulatory confinements.
Indeed, we were able to combine a standard nES unit of our nES GEMMA
instrument with a commercially available AC corona discharge device
in a novel setup via an adapter. Our results show that this replacement
yields very good results for a number of chemically different nanoparticles,
an exemplary protein, a noncovalent protein complex, a virus-like
particle, a polymer, and a liposome sample, when compared to a 210Po based bipolar charge equilibration device.
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AC corona discharge device210 PoBoltzmann charge equilibriumPolymer Nanoparticles SeparationEMDparticle-free ambient airnES GEMMA instrumentlaminar sheath flownanometer size rangeNano Electrospray Gas-Phase Electrophoretic Mobility Molecular Analysisparticle electrophoretic mobility diameterBipolar Corona Discharge-Based Charge EquilibrationDMAbipolar charge equilibration deviceα- particle emitternES gas-phase electrophoretic mobilityAC corona discharge unit
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