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Advanced Solid-State NMR Characterization of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter Isolated Using the Coupled Reverse Osmosis/Electrodialysis Method

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journal contribution
posted on 2012-06-05, 00:00 authored by Jingdong Mao, Xueqian Kong, Klaus Schmidt-Rohr, Joseph J. Pignatello, E. Michael Perdue
Advanced 13C solid-state techniques were employed to investigate the major structural characteristics of two surface-seawater dissolved organic matter (DOM) samples isolated using the novel coupled reverse osmosis/electrodialysis method. The NMR techniques included quantitative 13C direct polarization/magic angle spinning (DP/MAS) and DP/MAS with recoupled dipolar dephasing, 13C cross-polarization/total sideband suppression (CP/TOSS), 13C chemical shift anisotropy filter, CH, CH2, and CHn selection, two-dimensional 1H–13C heteronuclear correlation NMR (2D HETCOR), 2D HETCOR combined with dipolar dephasing, and 15N cross-polarization/magic angle spinning (CP/MAS). The two samples (Coastal and Marine DOM) were collected at the mouth of the Ogeechee River and in the Gulf Stream, respectively. The NMR results indicated that they were structurally distinct. Coastal DOM contained significantly more aromatic and carbonyl carbons whereas Marine DOM was markedly enriched in alkoxy carbon (e.g., carbohydrate-like moieties). Both samples contained significant amide N, but Coastal DOM had nitrogen bonded to aromatic carbons. Our dipolar-dephased spectra indicated that a large fraction of alkoxy carbons were not protonated. For Coastal DOM, our NMR results were consistent with the presence of the major structural units of (1) carbohydrate-like moieties, (2) lignin residues, (3) peptides or amino sugars, and (4) COO-bonded alkyls. For Marine DOM, they were (1) carbohydrate-like moieties, (2) peptides or amino sugars, and (3) COO-bonded alkyls. In addition, both samples contained significant amounts of nonpolar alkyl groups. The potential sources of the major structural units of DOM were discussed in detail. Nonprotonated O-alkyl carbon content was proposed as a possible index of humification.

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