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Adiabaticity of the Proton-Coupled Electron-Transfer Step in the Reduction of Superoxide Effected by Nickel-Containing Superoxide Dismutase Metallopeptide-Based Mimics
journal contribution
posted on 2015-04-30, 00:00 authored by Jason Shearer, Jennifer C. Schmitt, Heather S. ClewettNickel-containing
superoxide dismutases (NiSODs) are bacterial
metalloenzymes that catalyze the disproportionation of O2–. These enzymes take advantage of a redox-active
nickel cofactor, which cycles between the Ni(II) and Ni(III) oxidation
states, to catalytically disprotorptionate O2–. The Ni(II) center is ligated in a square planar N2S2 coordination environment, which, upon oxidation to Ni(III),
becomes five-coordinate following the ligation of an axial imidazole
ligand. Previous studies have suggested that metallopeptide-based
mimics of NiSOD reduce O2– through a
proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reaction with the electron
derived from a reduced Ni(II) center and the proton from a protonated,
coordinated NiII–S(H+)–Cys moiety.
The current work focuses on the O2– reduction
half-reaction of the catalytic cycle. In this study we calculate the
vibronic coupling between the reactant and product diabatic surfaces
using a semiclassical formalism to determine if the PCET reaction
is proceeding through an adiabatic or nonadiabatic proton tunneling
process. These results were then used to calculate H/D kinetic isotope
effects for the PCET process. We find that as the axial imidazole
ligand becomes more strongly associated with the Ni(II) center during
the PCET reaction, the reaction becomes more nonadiabatic. This is
reflected in the calculated H/D KIEs, which moderately increase as
the reaction becomes more nonadiabatic. Furthermore, the results suggest
that as the axial ligand becomes less Lewis basic the observed reaction
rate constants for O2– reduction should
become faster because the reaction becomes more adiabatic. These conclusions
are in-line with experimental observations. The results thus indicate
that variations in the axial donor’s ability to coordinate
to the nickel center of NiSOD metallopeptide-based mimics will strongly
influence the fundamental nature of the O2– reduction process.