Tumor Reoxygenation and Blood Perfusion Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy using Ultrathin Graphdiyne Oxide Nanosheets Wei Jiang Zhen Zhang Qin Wang Jiaxiang Dou Yangyang Zhao Yinchu Ma Huarong Liu Hangxun Xu Yucai Wang 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01458.s001 https://acs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Tumor_Reoxygenation_and_Blood_Perfusion_Enhanced_Photodynamic_Therapy_using_Ultrathin_Graphdiyne_Oxide_Nanosheets/8209916 Both diffusion-limited and perfusion-limited hypoxia are associated with tumor progression, metastasis, and the resistance to therapeutic modalities. A strategy that can efficiently overcome both types of hypoxia to enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment has not been reported yet. Here, it is shown that by using biomimetic ultrathin graphdiyne oxide (GDYO) nanosheets, both types of hypoxia can be simultaneously addressed toward an ideal photodynamic therapy (PDT). The GDYO nanosheets, which are oxidized and exfoliated from graphdiyne (GDY), are able to efficiently catalyze water oxidation to release O<sub>2</sub> and generate singlet oxygen (<sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>) using near-infrared irradiation. Meanwhile, GDYO nanosheets also exhibit excellent light-to-heat conversion performance with a photothermal conversion efficiency of 60.8%. Thus, after the GDYO nanosheets are coated with iRGD peptide-modified red blood membrane (i-RBM) to achieve tumor targeting, the biomimetic GDYO@i-RBM nanosheets can simultaneously enhance tumor reoxygenation and blood perfusion for PDT. This study provides new insights into utilizing novel water-splitting materials to relieve both diffusion- and perfusion-limited hypoxia for the development of a novel therapeutic platform. 2019-05-28 00:00:00 Blood Perfusion Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy biomimetic ultrathin graphdiyne oxide photothermal conversion efficiency perfusion-limited hypoxia catalyze water oxidation tumor Ultrathin Graphdiyne Oxide Nanosheets type PDT 1 O 2 release O 2 novel water-splitting materials GDYO nanosheets light-to-heat conversion performance