Flame
Aerosol Synthesis and Electrochemical Characterization
of Ni-Rich Layered Cathode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries
Christopher Abram
Jingning Shan
Xiaofang Yang
Chao Yan
Daniel Steingart
Yiguang Ju
10.1021/acsaem.8b01892.s001
https://acs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Flame_Aerosol_Synthesis_and_Electrochemical_Characterization_of_Ni-Rich_Layered_Cathode_Materials_for_Li-Ion_Batteries/7688834
We
report on the synthesis of LiNi<sub>0.8</sub>Co<sub>0.1</sub>Mn<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NCM811) Li-ion battery cathode materials
using an aerosol of micron-size aqueous metal nitrate solution droplets
delivered to non-premixed flames. The objective is to investigate
the effect of Ni mole fraction and the aerosol preheating and flame
synthesis temperatures on the particle properties and electrochemistry
by comparing NCM811 with LiNi<sub>0.33</sub>Co<sub>0.33</sub>Mn<sub>0.33</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NCM111). It is found that the solution composition
strongly influences precursor precipitation and oxidation and the
resultant particle morphology. NCM111 solutions form predominantly
spherical particles from single droplets, whereas Ni-rich solutions
form irregularly shaped particles because the lower solubility of
Ni nitrate and its high concentration causes rapid precipitation at
the droplet surface and subsequent formation and collapse of shell-like
structures in the flame. After annealing, NCM111 retains the secondary
particle structure, but NCM811 forms irregular shapes with a broad
size distribution of primary features because the higher decomposition
temperature of NCM811 precursor solutions limits the oxidation and
particle formation in the aerosol phase. It is also found that aerosol
preheating and flame temperatures play critical roles in determining
the electrochemical properties of the final annealed product. The
best NCM811 cycling performance was achieved using higher aerosol
preheating temperatures (450 K) and lower synthesis temperatures (1350
K). These conditions promote single-mode solid particle formation
which increases the size of the primary particles and enhances the
uniformity of the primary particle size distribution, thereby improving
structural stability without using high synthesis temperatures that
damage the ordering of the layered crystal structure.
2019-01-23 00:00:00
layered crystal structure
higher decomposition temperature
final annealed product
8 </ sub
33 </ sub
2 </ sub
1 </ sub
secondary particle structure
resultant particle morphology
conditions promote single
ni mole fraction
lower synthesis temperatures
broad size distribution
1350 k ).
flame synthesis temperatures
flame aerosol synthesis
single droplets
particle properties
particle formation
ncm111 ).
lower solubility
450 k
whereas ni
subsequent formation
primary particles
primary features
premixed flames
ni nitrate
ncm111 retains
like structures
ion batteries
electrochemical properties
electrochemical characterization
droplet surface
aerosol preheating
aerosol phase