Microfluidic Sensors with Impregnated Fluorophores
for Simultaneous Imaging of Spatial Structure and Chemical Oxygen
Gradients
Jay W. Grate
Bingwen Liu
Ryan T. Kelly
Norman C. Anheier
Thomas M. Schmidt
10.1021/acssensors.8b00924.s001
https://acs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Microfluidic_Sensors_with_Impregnated_Fluorophores_for_Simultaneous_Imaging_of_Spatial_Structure_and_Chemical_Oxygen_Gradients/7605413
Interior
surfaces of polystyrene microfluidic structures were impregnated
with the oxygen sensing dye Pt(II) tetra(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin
(PtTFPP) using a solvent-induced fluorophore impregnation (SIFI) method.
Using this technique, microfluidic oxygen sensors are obtained that
enable simultaneous imaging of both chemical oxygen gradients and
the physical structure of the microfluidic interior. A gentle method
of fluorophore impregnation using acetonitrile solutions of PtTFPP
at 50 °C was developed leading to a 10-μm-deep region containing
fluorophore. This region is localized at the surface to sense oxygen
in the interior fluid during use. Regions of the device that do not
contact the interior fluid pathways lack fluorophores and are dark
in fluorescent imaging. The technique was demonstrated on straight
microchannel and pore network devices, the latter having pillars of
300 μm diameter spaced center to center at 340 μm providing
pore throats of 40 μm. Sensing within channels or pores and
imaging across the pore network devices were performed using a Lambert
LIFA-P frequency domain fluorescence lifetime imaging system on a
Leica microscope platform. Calibrations of different devices prepared
by the SIFI method were indistinguishable. Gradient imaging showed
fluorescent regions corresponding to the fluid pore network, dark
pillars, and fluorescent lifetime varying across the gradient, thus
providing both physical and chemical imaging. More generally, the
SIFI technique can impregnate the interior surfaces of other polystyrene
containers, such as cuvettes or cell and tissue culture containers,
to enable sensing of interior conditions.
2019-01-04 00:00:00
300 μ m diameter
Microfluidic Sensors
pore throats
polystyrene containers
10-μ m-deep region
340 μ m
sense oxygen
chemical oxygen gradients
fluid pathways lack fluorophores
Leica microscope platform
chemical imaging
40 μ m
solvent-induced fluorophore impregnation
Simultaneous Imaging
microfluidic oxygen sensors
Lambert LIFA-P frequency domain fluorescence lifetime imaging system
Chemical Oxygen Gradients Interior surfaces
SIFI method
pore network devices
fluid pore network
Spatial Structure
polystyrene microfluidic structures
acetonitrile solutions
tissue culture containers
Impregnated Fluorophores
fluorophore impregnation
Gradient imaging
SIFI technique