Cytosolic Diffusion and Peptide-Assisted Nuclear Shuttling
of Peptide-Substituted Circa 102 Gold Atom Nanoclusters in Living
Cells
Dominique Desplancq
Nadja Groysbeck
Manuela Chiper
Etienne Weiss
Benoit Frisch
Jean-Marc Strub
Sarah Cianferani
Spyridon Zafeiratos
Eric Moeglin
Xavier Holy
Anne Laure Favier
Sacha De Carlo
Patrick Schultz
Danièle Spehner
Guy Zuber
10.1021/acsanm.8b00988.s001
https://acs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Cytosolic_Diffusion_and_Peptide-Assisted_Nuclear_Shuttling_of_Peptide-Substituted_Circa_102_Gold_Atom_Nanoclusters_in_Living_Cells/6948194
For biological and
medical applications, a definable nanomaterial
and knowledge on its fate after administration are highly recommended
if not mandatory. Here, we synthesized a water-soluble gold nanocluster
by sodium borohydride reduction of chloroauric acid in the presence
of 5,5′-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid). The resulting gold
nanocluster displayed the physical characteristics of a cluster containing
an inner core of about 100 gold atoms that was surrounded by an organic
monolayer made of about 30 thioaminobenzoic acids (TAB) and 14 anionic
thionitrobenzoic acids (TNB). The mixed TAB-,TNB-protected gold nanocluster
reacted well in water with thiolated peptides containing a nuclear
localization signal (NLS) or a nuclear export signal (NES) mainly
by exchange of the TNB, providing gold nanoclusters equipped with
8–9 intracellular active peptides and a remaining ligand coverage
consisting mostly of the zwitterion TAB. The behavior of these peptide–gold
nanoclusters inside the cytosol and nucleus of cells was then assayed
using an electroporation procedure allowing transient plasma membrane
permeability. Light and electron microscopy observations demonstrated
a consistent inflow and diffusion of the gold nanoclusters into the
cytosol. Inside the living cells, the distribution of the gold nanoparticles
was specifically driven by the appended signal peptides in a manner
similar to the distribution of NLS and NES-bearing proteins, demonstrating
diffusion ability, stability, and usage of these definable ligand-substituted
gold nanoclusters for intracellular applications.
2018-07-26 00:00:00
TAB
sodium borohydride reduction
peptide
ligand-substituted gold nanoclusters
30 thioaminobenzoic acids
signal
gold nanoclusters
100 gold atoms
NLS
Peptide-Assisted Nuclear Shuttling
NES
plasma membrane permeability
gold nanocluster
electron microscopy observations
Peptide-Substituted Circa 102 Gold Atom Nanoclusters
TNB