Engineering PD-1-Presenting Platelets for Cancer Immunotherapy Xudong Zhang Jinqiang Wang Zhaowei Chen Quanyin Hu Chao Wang Junjie Yan Gianpietro Dotti Peng Huang Zhen Gu 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02321.s001 https://acs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Engineering_PD-1-Presenting_Platelets_for_Cancer_Immunotherapy/6882692 Radical surgery still represents the treatment choice for several malignancies. However, local and distant tumor relapses remain the major causes of treatment failure, indicating that a postsurgery consolidation treatment is necessary. Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors has elicited impressive clinical responses in several types of human malignancies and may represent the ideal consolidation treatment after surgery. Here, we genetically engineered platelets from megakaryocyte (MK) progenitor cells to express the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). The PD-1 platelet and its derived microparticle could accumulate within the tumor surgical wound and revert exhausted CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, leading to the eradication of residual tumor cells. Furthermore, when a low dose of cyclophosphamide (CP) was loaded into PD-1-expressing platelets to deplete regulatory T cells (Tregs), an increased frequency of reinvigorated CD8<sup>+</sup> lymphocyte cells was observed within the postsurgery tumor microenvironment, directly preventing tumor relapse. 2018-07-31 15:22:05 postsurgery consolidation treatment engineering PD -1-Presenting Platelets postsurgery tumor microenvironment cell death protein 1 regulatory T cells CP Cancer Immunotherapy Radical surgery MK PD -1-expressing platelets CD 8