%0 Online Multimedia %A Nguyen, Ngoc A. %A Meek, Kelly M. %A Bowland, Christopher C. %A Barnes, Sietske H. %A Naskar, Amit K. %D 2017 %T An Acrylonitrile–Butadiene–Lignin Renewable Skin with Programmable and Switchable Electrical Conductivity for Stress/Strain-Sensing Applications %U https://acs.figshare.com/articles/media/An_Acrylonitrile_Butadiene_Lignin_Renewable_Skin_with_Programmable_and_Switchable_Electrical_Conductivity_for_Stress_Strain-Sensing_Applications/5739777 %R 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02336.s002 %2 https://acs.figshare.com/ndownloader/files/10104117 %K syringylpropane-rich hardwood lignin %K conductivity %K strain fixity %K T g %K glass transition temperature %K Switchable Electrical Conductivity %K shape-memory materials %K temperature-stimulated recovery %K film %K cross-linked lignin macromolecules %K work density %K shape recovery %K 60 nm %X We report an approach for programming electrical conductivity of a bio-based leathery skin devised with a layer of 60 nm metallic nanoparticles. Lignin-based renewable shape-memory materials were made, for the first time, to program and restore the materials’ electrical conductivity after repeated deformation up to 100% strain amplitude, at a temperature 60–115 °C above the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the rubbery matrix. We cross-linked lignin macromolecules with an acrylonitrile–butadiene rubbery melt in high quantities ranging from 40 to 60 wt % and processed the resulting thermoplastics into thin films. Chemical and physical networks within the polymeric materials significantly enhanced key characteristics such as mechanical stiffness, strain fixity, and temperature-stimulated recovery of shape. The branched structures of the guaiacylpropane-dominant softwood lignin significantly improve the rubber’s Tg and produced a film with stored and recoverable elastic work density that was an order of magnitude greater than those of the neat rubber and of samples made with syringylpropane-rich hardwood lignin. The devices could exhibit switching of conductivity before and after shape recovery. %I ACS Publications