Tumor Acidity/NIR Controlled Interaction of Transformable Nanoparticle with Biological Systems for Cancer Therapy Dongdong Li Yinchu Ma Jinzhi Du Wei Tao Xiaojiao Du Xianzhu Yang Jun Wang 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b05396.s001 https://acs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Tumor_Acidity_NIR_Controlled_Interaction_of_Transformable_Nanoparticle_with_Biological_Systems_for_Cancer_Therapy/4863284 Precisely controlling the interaction of nanoparticles with biological systems (nanobio interactions) from the injection site to biological targets shows great potential for biomedical applications. Inspired by the ability of nanoparticles to alter their physicochemical properties according to different stimuli, we explored the tumor acidity and near-infrared (NIR) light activated transformable nanoparticle <sup>DA</sup>TAT-NP<sub>IR&DOX</sub>. This nanoparticle consists of a tumor acidity-activated TAT [the TAT lysine residues’ amines was modified with 2,3-dimethylmaleic anhydride (DA)], a flexible chain polyphosphoester core coencapsulated a NIR dye IR-780, and DOX (doxorubicin). The physicochemical properties of the nanoparticle can be controlled in a stepwise fashion using tumor acidity and NIR light, resulting in adjustable nanobio interactions. The resulting transformable nanoparticle <sup>DA</sup>TAT-NP<sub>IR&DOX</sub> efficiently avoids the interaction with mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) (“stealth” state) due to the masking of the TAT peptide during blood circulation. Once it has accumulated in the tumor tissues, <sup>DA</sup>TAT-NP<sub>IR&DOX</sub> is reactivated by tumor acidity and transformed into the “recognize” state in order to promote interaction with tumor cells and enhance cellular internalization. Then, this nanoparticle is transformed into “attack” state under NIR irradiation, achieving the supersensitive DOX release from the flexible chain polyphosphoester core in order to increase the DOX–DNA interaction. This concept provides new avenues for the creation of transformable drug delivery systems that have the ability to control nanobio interactions. 2017-04-04 00:00:00 nanoparticle NIR transformable drug delivery systems tumor acidity tumor acidity-activated TAT MPS TAT-NP DOX chain polyphosphoester core coencapsulated nanobio interactions DA physicochemical properties control nanobio interactions IR chain polyphosphoester core