High-Density Lipoprotein-like Magnetic Nanostructures
(HDL-MNS): Theranostic Agents for Cardiovascular Disease
Vikas Nandwana
Soo-Ryoon Ryoo
Shanthi Kanthala
Kaylin M. McMahon
Jonathan S. Rink
Yue Li
Subbu S. Venkatraman
C. Shad Thaxton
Vinayak P. Dravid
10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b05357.s001
https://acs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/High-Density_Lipoprotein-like_Magnetic_Nanostructures_HDL-MNS_Theranostic_Agents_for_Cardiovascular_Disease/4725982
We
report the development of potential theranostic agents for cardiovascular
disease that are based on high-density lipoprotein-like magnetic nanostructures
(HDL-MNS). The HDL-MNS offer prospects for diagnosis via noninvasive
magnetic resonance imaging for anatomic detection and also serve as
effective cholesterol efflux agents to address atherosclerotic vascular
lesions. The HDL-MNS are synthesized by adding phospholipids and the
HDL-defining apolipoprotein A1 to the surface of magnetic nanostructures
(MNS) to mimic some aspects of natural HDL particles. From a diagnostic
perspective, HDL-MNS show a 5 times higher contrast (<i>r</i><sub>2</sub> relaxivity up to 383 mM<sup>–1</sup> s<sup>–1</sup>) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) than commercially available
T<sub>2</sub> MRI contrast agents (e.g., Ferumoxytol). Internalization
of HDL-MNS by macrophage cells was confirmed by transmission electron
microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), inductive-coupled
plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and successfully imaged via MRI.
Also, the HDL-MNS particles show capacity to induce cholesterol efflux
(∼4.8%) from macrophage cells comparable to natural HDL (∼4.7%),
providing a pathway to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease via
reverse cholesterol transport. The ability to image macrophage cells
that have internalized HDL-MNS along with the cholesterol efflux capacity
demonstrates the potential of the HDL-MNS particles as theranostic
agents.
2017-02-24 00:00:00
cholesterol efflux agents
HDL-MNS offer prospects
r 2 relaxivity
theranostic agents
image macrophage cells
HDL-MNS particles show capacity
macrophage cells
TEM
T 2 MRI contrast agents
transmission electron microscopy
cholesterol efflux capacity
EDX
ICP-MS
resonance imaging