10.1021/acs.est.6b05816.s001
William
A. Tarpeh
William
A.
Tarpeh
Kai M. Udert
Kai M.
Udert
Kara L. Nelson
Kara L.
Nelson
Comparing
Ion Exchange Adsorbents for Nitrogen Recovery
from Source-Separated Urine
American Chemical Society
2017
wastewater volume
urine
unit cost
decrease ammonium adsorption
Nitrogen Recovery
1 week
Ion Exchange Adsorbents
ion exchange
biochar
Source-Separated Urine
Dowex Mac 3
nitrogen humans
adsorption capacity
salt solutions
Dowex 50
ion exchange reactor volumes
Cation adsorption curves
wastewater treatment
energy input
2017-01-18 00:00:00
Journal contribution
https://acs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Comparing_Ion_Exchange_Adsorbents_for_Nitrogen_Recovery_from_Source-Separated_Urine/4616209
Separate collection of urine, which
is only 1% of wastewater volume
but contains the majority of nitrogen humans excrete, can potentially
reduce the costs and energy input of wastewater treatment and facilitate
recovery of nitrogen for beneficial use. Ion exchange was investigated
for recovery of nitrogen as ammonium from urine for use as a fertilizer
or disinfectant. Cation adsorption curves for four adsorbents (clinoptilolite,
biochar, Dowex 50, and Dowex Mac 3) were compared in pure salt solutions,
synthetic urine, and real stored urine. Competition from sodium and
potassium present in synthetic and real urine did not significantly
decrease ammonium adsorption for any of the adsorbents. Dowex 50 and
Dowex Mac 3 showed nearly 100% regeneration efficiencies. Estimated
ion exchange reactor volumes to capture the nitrogen for 1 week from
a four-person household were lowest for Dowex Mac 3 (5 L) and highest
for biochar (19 L). Although Dowex Mac 3 had the highest adsorption
capacity, material costs ($/g N removed) were lower for clinoptilolite
and biochar because of their substantially lower unit cost.