%0 Generic %A Rai, Rajkishor %A Aravinda, Subrayashastry %A Kanagarajadurai, Karuppiah %A Raghothama, Srinivasarao %A Shamala, Narayanaswamy %A Balaram, Padmanabhan %D 2006 %T Diproline Templates as Folding Nuclei in Designed Peptides. Conformational Analysis of Synthetic Peptide Helices Containing Amino Terminal Pro-Pro Segments %U https://acs.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Diproline_Templates_as_Folding_Nuclei_in_Designed_Peptides_Conformational_Analysis_of_Synthetic_Peptide_Helices_Containing_Amino_Terminal_Pro_Pro_Segments/3075091 %R 10.1021/ja060674v.s001 %2 https://acs.figshare.com/ndownloader/files/4780876 %K trans conformers %K 25 examples %K ci %K PII %K NMR studies %K trans form %K protein crystal structures %K conformation %K nucleating helical %K NOE %K systems support %K 462 diproline segments %K NMR results %K equilibrium shifts %K peptide 2. Analysis %K Similar results %K NMR time scale %K energy minimization studies %K segment residues 2 %K Diproline Templates %K polyproline II %K Conformational Analysis %K DMSO %X The effect of N-terminal diproline segments in nucleating helical folding in designed peptides has been studied in two model sequences Piv-Pro-Pro-Aib-Leu-Aib-Phe-OMe (1) and Boc-Aib-Pro-Pro-Aib-Val-Ala-Phe-OMe (2). The structure of 1 in crystals, determined by X-ray diffraction, reveals a helical (αR) conformation for the segment residues 2 to 5, stabilized by one 4→1 hydrogen bond and two 5→1 interactions. The N-terminus residue, Pro(1) adopts a polyproline II (PII) conformation. NMR studies in three different solvent systems support a conformation similar to that observed in crystals. In the apolar solvent CDCl3, NOE data favor the population of both completely helical and partially unfolded structures. In the former, the Pro-Pro segment adopts an αRR conformation, whereas in the latter, a PIIR structure is established. The conformational equilibrium shifts in favor of the PIIR structure in solvents like methanol and DMSO. A significant population of the Pro(1)-Pro(2) cis conformer is also observed. The NMR results are consistent with the population of at least three conformational states about Pro-Pro segment:  trans αRR, trans PIIR and cis PIIR. Of these, the two trans conformers are in rapid dynamic exchange on the NMR time scale, whereas the interconversion between cis and trans form is slow. Similar results are obtained with peptide 2. Analysis of 462 diproline segments in protein crystal structures reveals 25 examples of the αRR conformation followed by a helix. Modeling and energy minimization studies suggest that both PIIR and αRR conformations have very similar energies in the model hexapeptide 1. %I ACS Publications