10.1021/ja106506k.s003 Gufeng Wang Gufeng Wang Wei Sun Wei Sun Yong Luo Yong Luo Ning Fang Ning Fang Resolving Rotational Motions of Nano-objects in Engineered Environments and Live Cells with Gold Nanorods and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy American Chemical Society 2010 Resolving Rotational Motions 3 D space DIC microscopy cytoskeleton orientation probes Engineered Environments combination Gold Nanorods anisotropic motor proteins surface Live Cells gold nanorod probes interference contrast Differential Interference Contrast MicroscopyGold nanorods video rate 2010-11-24 00:00:00 Media https://acs.figshare.com/articles/media/Resolving_Rotational_Motions_of_Nano_objects_in_Engineered_Environments_and_Live_Cells_with_Gold_Nanorods_and_Differential_Interference_Contrast_Microscopy/2710234 Gold nanorods are excellent orientation probes due to their anisotropic optical properties. Their dynamic rotational motion in the 3D space can be disclosed with Nomarski-type differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy. We demonstrate that by using the combination of gold nanorod probes and DIC microscopy, we are able to resolve rotational motions of nano-cargos transported by motor proteins at video rate not only on engineered surfaces but also on cytoskeleton tracks in live cells.