%0 Journal Article
%A Zhang, Xi
%A He, Qingliang
%A Gu, Hongbo
%A Colorado, Henry A.
%A Wei, Suying
%A Guo, Zhanhu
%D 2013
%T Flame-Retardant Electrical
Conductive Nanopolymers Based on Bisphenol F Epoxy Resin Reinforced
with Nano Polyanilines
%U https://acs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Flame_Retardant_Electrical_Conductive_Nanopolymers_Based_on_Bisphenol_F_Epoxy_Resin_Reinforced_with_Nano_Polyanilines/2443975
%R 10.1021/am302563w.s001
%2 https://acs.figshare.com/ndownloader/files/4086643
%K PANI loading
%K PANI nanofillers
%K PANI nanofiller loading
%K resin polymer nanocomposites
%K wt
%K Nano PolyanilinesBoth fibril
%K percolation threshold
%K PANI nanospheres
%K Bisphenol F Epoxy Resin Reinforced
%K PNC
%X Both fibril and spherical polyaniline (PANI) nanostructures
have successfully served as nanofillers for obtaining epoxy resin
polymer nanocomposites (PNCs). The effects of nanofiller morphology
and loading level on the mechanical properties, rheological behaviors,
thermal stability, flame retardancy, electrical conductivity, and
dielectric properties were systematically studied. The introduction
of the PANI nanofillers was found to reduce the heat-release rate
and to increase the char residue of epoxy resin. A reduced viscosity
was observed in both types of PANI–epoxy resin liquid nanosuspension
samples at lower loadings (1.0 wt % for PANI nanospheres; 1.0
and 3.0 wt % for PANI nanofibers), the viscosity was increased
with further increases in the PANI loading for both morphologies.
The dynamic storage and loss modulii were studied, together with the
glass-transition temperature (Tg) being
obtained from the peak of tan δ. The critical PANI nanofiller
loading for the modulus and Tg was different,
i.e., 1.0 wt % for the nanofibers and 5.0 wt % for the
nanospheres. The percolation thresholds of the PANI nanostructures
were identified with the dynamic mechanical property and electrical
conductivity, and, because of the higher aspect ratio, nanofibers
reached the percolation threshold at a lower loading (3.0 wt %)
than the PANI nanospheres (5.0 wt %). The PANI nanofillers
could increase the electrical conductivity, and, at the same loading,
the epoxy nanocomposites with the PANI nanofibers showed lower volume
resistivity than the nanocomposites with the PANI nanospheres, which
were discussed with the contact resistance and percolation threshold.
The tensile test indicated an improved tensile strength of the epoxy
matrix with the introduction of the PANI nanospheres at a lower loading
(1.0 wt %). Compared with pure epoxy, the elasticity modulus
was increased for all the PNC samples. Moreover, further studies on
the fracture surface revealed an enhanced toughness. Finally, the
real permittivity was observed to increase with increasing the PANI
loading, and the enhanced permittivity was analyzed by the interfacial
polarization.
%I ACS Publications