10.1021/es304016u.s001
Fabienne Schwab
Fabienne
Schwab
Thomas D. Bucheli
Thomas D.
Bucheli
Louise Camenzuli
Louise
Camenzuli
Arnaud Magrez
Arnaud
Magrez
Katja Knauer
Katja
Knauer
Laura Sigg
Laura
Sigg
Bernd Nowack
Bernd
Nowack
Diuron Sorbed to Carbon Nanotubes Exhibits Enhanced
Toxicity to Chlorella vulgaris
American Chemical Society
2013
presence
soot
photosynthetic activity
alga Chlorella vulgaris
5. Sorbed diuron
results point
carbonaceous nanoparticles
diuron maximally
Carbon Nanotubes Exhibits Enhanced Toxicity
multiwalled CNT
diuron concentration
24 h exposure
exposure concentration
algal cells
herbicide diuron
Diuron Sorbed
diuron toxicity
Chlorella vulgarisCarbon nanotubes
LEEC
diuron concentrations
2013-07-02 00:00:00
Journal contribution
https://acs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Diuron_Sorbed_to_Carbon_Nanotubes_Exhibits_Enhanced_Toxicity_to_Chlorella_vulgaris/2400415
Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are more and more likely to be present in
the environment, where they will associate with organic micropollutants
due to strong sorption. The toxic effects of these CNT-micropollutant
mixtures on aquatic organisms are poorly characterized. Here, we systematically
quantified the effects of the herbicide diuron on the photosynthetic
activity of the green alga Chlorella vulgaris in presence of different multiwalled CNT (industrial, purified,
pristine, and oxidized) or soot. The presence of carbonaceous nanoparticles
reduced the adverse effect of diuron maximally by <78% (industrial
CNT) and <34% (soot) at 10.0 mg CNT/L, 5.0 mg soot/L, and diuron
concentrations in the range 0.73–2990 μg/L. However,
taking into account the measured dissolved instead of the nominal
diuron concentration, the toxic effect of diuron was equal to or stronger
in the presence of CNT by a factor of up to 5. Sorbed diuron consequently
remained partially bioavailable. The most pronounced increase in toxicity
occurred after a 24 h exposure of algae and CNT. All results point
to locally elevated exposure concentration (LEEC) in the proximity
of algal cells associated with CNT as the cause for the increase in
diuron toxicity.