10.1021/nn403939r.s001 Jeongmin Hong Jeongmin Hong Elena Bekyarova Elena Bekyarova Walt A. de Heer Walt A. de Heer Robert C. Haddon Robert C. Haddon Sakhrat Khizroev Sakhrat Khizroev Chemically Engineered Graphene-Based 2D Organic Molecular Magnet American Chemical Society 2013 graphene surface characterization techniques carbon nanosystems graphene nanoribbons functionality directions 400 K sample magnetometry quantum tunneling scanning probe microscopy mesoscopic dimensions Chemically superconducting quantum interference NP SPM magnetization graphene systems surface magnetoelectric properties future nitrophenyl functionalized graphene CIN functionalization graphene orientations MOKE VSM 2013-11-26 00:00:00 Journal contribution https://acs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Chemically_Engineered_Graphene_Based_2D_Organic_Molecular_Magnet/2350123 Carbon-based magnetic materials and structures of mesoscopic dimensions may offer unique opportunities for future nanomagnetoelectronic/spintronic devices. To achieve their potential, carbon nanosystems must have controllable magnetic properties. We demonstrate that nitrophenyl functionalized graphene can act as a room-temperature 2D magnet. We report a comprehensive study of low-temperature magnetotransport, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and superconducting quantum interference (SQUID) measurements before and after radical functionalization. Following nitrophenyl (NP) functionalization, epitaxially grown graphene systems can become organic molecular magnets with ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic ordering that persists at temperatures above 400 K. The field-dependent, surface magnetoelectric properties were studied using scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques. The results indicate that the NP-functionalization orientation and degree of coverage directly affect the magnetic properties of the graphene surface. In addition, graphene-based organic magnetic nanostructures were found to demonstrate a pronounced magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE). The results were consistent across different characterization techniques and indicate room-temperature magnetic ordering along preferred graphene orientations in the NP-functionalized samples. Chemically isolated graphene nanoribbons (CINs) were observed along the preferred functionality directions. These results pave the way for future magnetoelectronic/spintronic applications based on promising concepts such as current-induced magnetization switching, magnetoelectricity, half-metallicity, and quantum tunneling of magnetization.